What Are Demurrage and Detention Charges?
Demurrage is the charge for leaving a container at the port terminal beyond the allotted free time. Detention is the charge for holding a container or chassis outside the terminal beyond free time.
These charges can range from $100–$400+ per container per day and represent one of the most avoidable costs in ocean freight.
Free Time Rules
| Terminal Type | Typical Free Time |
|---|---|
| Port Terminal (Import) | 4–5 business days |
| Port Terminal (Export) | 5–7 business days |
| Rail Ramp | 2–3 business days |
| Chassis Pool | Varies by provider |
Top Strategies to Avoid Demurrage
1. Pre-Plan Your Pickups Schedule drayage pickups as soon as your container is discharged. Don't wait for customs clearance to arrange trucking — have your drayage provider on standby.
2. File ISF Early Submit your Importer Security Filing (ISF/10+2) at least 72 hours before vessel arrival. Late ISF filings can trigger CBP holds that consume your free time.
3. Use a Customs Broker A licensed customs broker ensures your entry is filed before or upon arrival, minimizing clearance delays. Read our US Customs FAQ for more details.
4. Monitor Container Status Track your containers from vessel discharge through gate-out. Tools like Indray's CLM Platform provide real-time visibility.
5. Manage Appointments Proactively Book port appointments as soon as containers are available. Terminal appointment systems fill quickly during peak periods.
6. Return Empties Quickly Plan empty container returns immediately after unloading. Know your return locations and operating hours in advance.
Chassis Management Tips
- Use chassis pools (DCLI, TRAC, Flexi-Van) for predictable availability
- Return chassis to the nearest authorized location
- Inspect chassis before gate-out to avoid damage disputes
- Track per diem charges separately from demurrage
Dispute Resolution
If you receive unexpected demurrage charges:
- Document all dates with timestamps
- Gather proof of appointment attempts
- File a formal dispute with the terminal or steamship line
- Reference FMC regulations on reasonable demurrage practices
The Cost of Inaction
A single container held 10 days beyond free time at $300/day costs $3,000. For importers handling 100+ containers monthly, poor demurrage management can cost $50,000+ per month.
Work With Experts
Indray Inc's operations team manages demurrage proactively with automated tracking, appointment management, and chassis coordination. Get a quote and let us handle the details.
